Upgrading to Unity 4.0

GameObject active state

Unity 4.0 changes how the active state of GameObjectsThe fundamental object in Unity scenes, which can represent characters, props, scenery, cameras, waypoints, and more. A GameObject’s functionality is defined by the Components attached to it. More info
See in Glossary is handled. GameObject’s active state is now inherited by child GameObjects, so that any GameObject which is inactive will also cause its children to be inactive. We believe that the new behavior makes more sense than the old one, and should have always been this way. Also, the upcoming new GUI system heavily depends on the new 4.0 behavior, and would not be possible without it. Unfortunately, this may require some work to fix existing projects to work with the new Unity 4.0 behavior, and here is the change:

The old behavior:

• Whether a GameObject is active or not was defined by its .active property.
• This could be queried and set by checking the .active property.
• A GameObject’s active state had no impact on the active state of child GameObjects. If you want to activate or deactivate a GameObject and all of its children, you needed to call GameObject.SetActiveRecursively.
• When using SetActiveRecursively on a GameObject, the previous active state of any child GameObject would be lost. When you deactivate and then activated a GameObject and all its children using SetActiveRecursively, any child which had been inactive before the call to SetActiveRecursively, would become active, and you had to manually keep track of the active state of children if you want to restore it to the way it was.
• Prefabs could not contain any active state, and were always active after prefabAn asset type that allows you to store a GameObject complete with components and properties. The prefab acts as a template from which you can create new object instances in the scene. More info
  See in Glossary instantiation.

The new behavior:

• Whether a GameObject is active or not is defined by its own .activeSelf property, and that of all of its parents. The GameObject is active if its own .activeSelf property and that of all of its parents is true. If any of them are false, the GameObject is inactive.
• This can be queried using the .activeInHierarchy property.
• The .activeSelf state of a GameObject can be changed by calling GameObject.SetActive. When calling SetActive (false) on a previously active GameObject, this will deactivate the GameObject and all its children. When calling SetActive (true) on a previously inactive GameObject, this will activate the GameObject, if all its parents are active. Children will be activated when all their parents are active (i.e., when all their parents have .activeSelf set to true).
• This means that SetActiveRecursively is no longer needed, as active state is inherited from the parents. It also means that, when deactivating and activating part of a hierarchy by calling SetActive, the previous active state of any child GameObject will be preserved.
• Prefabs can contain active state, which is preserved on prefab instantiation.

Example:

You have three GameObjects, A, B and C, so that B and C are children of A.

• Deactivate C by calling C.SetActive(false).
• Now, A.activeInHierarchy == true, B.activeInHierarchy == true and C.activeInHierarchy == false.
• Likewise, A.activeSelf == true, B.activeSelf == true and C.activeSelf == false.
• Now we deactivate the parent A by calling A.SetActive(false).
• Now, A.activeInHierarchy == false, B.activeInHierarchy == false and C.activeInHierarchy == false.
• Likewise, A.activeSelf == false, B.activeSelf == true and C.activeSelf == false.
• Now we activate the parent A again by calling A.SetActive(true).
• Now, we are back to A.activeInHierarchy == true, B.activeInHierarchy == true and C.activeInHierarchy == false.
• Likewise, A.activeSelf == true, B.activeSelf == true and C.activeSelf == false.

The new active state in the editor

To visualize these changes, in the Unity 4.0 editor, any GameObject which is inactive (either because it’s own .activeSelf property is set to false, or that of one of it’s parents), will be greyed out in the hierarchy, and have a greyed out icon in the inspectorA Unity window that displays information about the currently selected GameObject, Asset or Project Settings, alowing you to inspect and edit the values. More info
See in Glossary. The GameObject’s own .activeSelf property is reflected by it’s active checkbox, which can be toggled regardless of parent state (but it will only activate the GameObject if all parents are active).

How this affects existing projects:

• To make you aware of places in your code where this might affect you, the GameObject.active property and the GameObject.SetActiveRecursively() function have been deprecated.
• They are, however still functional. Reading the value of GameObject.active is equivalent to reading GameObject.activeInHierarchy, and setting GameObject.active is equivalent to calling GameObject.SetActive(). Calling GameObject.SetActiveRecursively() is equivalent to calling GameObject.SetActive() on the GameObject and all of it’s children.
• Exiting scenesA Scene contains the environments and menus of your game. Think of each unique Scene file as a unique level. In each Scene, you place your environments, obstacles, and decorations, essentially designing and building your game in pieces. More info
  See in Glossary from 3.5 are imported by setting the selfActive property of any GameObject in the scene to it’s previous active property.
• As a result, any project imported from previous versions of Unity should still work as expected (with compiler warnings, though), as long as it does not rely on having active children of inactive GameObjects (which is no longer possible in Unity 4.0).
• If your project relies on having active children of inactive GameObjects, you need to change your logic to a model which works in Unity 4.0.

Changes to the asset processing pipeline

During the development of 4.0 our asset import pipeline has changed in some significant ways internal in order to improve performance, memory usage and determinism. For the most part these changes does not have an impact on the user with one exception: Objects in assets are not made persistent until the very end of the import pipeline and any previously imported version of an assets will be completely replaced.

The first part means that during post processing you cannot get the correct references to objects in the asset and the second part means that if you use the references to a previously imported version of the asset during post processing do store modification those modifications will be lost.

Example of references being lost because they are not persistent yet

Consider this small example:

public class ModelPostprocessor : AssetPostprocessor
{
    public void OnPostprocessModel(GameObject go)
    {
        PrefabUtility.CreatePrefab("Prefabs/" + go.name, go);
    }
}

In Unity 3.5 this would create a prefab with all the correct references to the meshes and so on because all the meshes would already have been made persistent, but since this is not the case in Unity 4.0 the same post processor will create a prefab where all the references to the meshes are gone, simply because Unity 4.0 does not yet know how to resolve the references to objects in the original model prefab. To correctly copy a modelprefab in to prefab you should use OnPostProcessAllAssets to go through all imported assets, find the modelprefab and create new prefabs as above.

Example of references to previously imported assets being discarded

The second example is a little more complex but is actually a use case we have seen in 3.5 that broke in 4.0. Here is a simple ScriptableObject with a references to a meshThe main graphics primitive of Unity. Meshes make up a large part of your 3D worlds. Unity supports triangulated or Quadrangulated polygon meshes. Nurbs, Nurms, Subdiv surfaces must be converted to polygons. More info
See in Glossary.

public class Referencer : ScriptableObject
{
    public Mesh myMesh; 
}

We use this ScriptableObject to create an asset with references to a mesh inside a model, then in our post processor we take that reference and give it a different name, the end result being that when we have reimported the model the name of the mesh will be what the post processor determines.

public class Postprocess : AssetPostprocessor
{
    public void OnPostprocessModel(GameObject go)
    {
        Referencer myRef = (Referencer)AssetDatabase.LoadAssetAtPath("Assets/MyRef.asset", typeof(Referencer));
        myRef.myMesh.name = "AwesomeMesh";
    }
}

This worked fine in Unity 3.5 but in Unity 4.0 the already imported model will be completely replaced, so changing the name of the mesh from a previous import will have no effect. The Solution here is to find the mesh by some other means and change its name. What is most important to note is that in Unity 4.0 you should ONLY modify the given input to the post processor and not rely on the previously imported version of the same asset.

Mesh Read/Write option

Unity 4.0 adds a “Read/Write Enabled” option in the Model import settings. When this option is turned off, it saves memory since Unity can unload a copy of mesh data in the game.

However, if you are scaling or instantiating meshes at runtime with a non-uniform scale, you may have to enable “Read/Write Enabled” in their import settings. The reason is that non-uniform scaling requires the mesh data to be kept in memory. Normally we detect this at build time, but when meshes are scaled or instantiated at runtime you need to set this manually. Otherwise they might not be rendered in game builds correctly.

Mesh optimization

The Model Importer in Unity 4.0 has become better at mesh optimization. The “Mesh Optimization” checkbox in the Model Importer in Unity 4.0 is now enabled by default, and will reorder the vertices in your Mesh for optimal performance. You may have some post-processingA process that improves product visuals by applying filters and effects before the image appears on screen. You can use post-processing effects to simulate physical camera and film properties, for example Bloom and Depth of Field. More info post processing, postprocessing, postprocess
See in Glossary code or effects in your project which depend on the vertex order of your meshes, and these might be broken by this change. In that case, turn off “Mesh Optimization” in the Mesh importer. Especially, if you are using the SkinnedCloth component, mesh optimization will cause your vertex weight mapping to change. So if you are using SkinnedCloth in a project imported from 3.5, you need to turn off “Mesh Optimization” for the affected meshes, or reconfigure your vertex weights to match the new vertex order.

Mobile input

With Unity 4.0 mobile sensor input got better alignment between platforms, which means you can write less code when handling typical input on mobile platforms. Now acceleration and gyro input will follow screen orientation in the same way both on iOSApple’s mobile operating system. More info
See in Glossary and Android platforms. To take advantage of this change you should refactor your input code and remove platform and screen orientation specific code when handling acceleration and gyro input. You still can get old behavior on iOS by setting Input.compensateSensors to false.